Dental Prosthetics & Aesthetics Services

Ceramic veneers are thin shells made in a dental laboratory and bonded to the visible surface of the tooth. Pressed ceramic (lithium disilicate, for example) is produced by injection under pressure, while feldspathic ceramic is layered by hand by the technician; both hold their colour and resist wear better than composite applied directly in the surgery. Composite is completed in a single appointment and is easy to repair, but it stains and loses its gloss over time. Which option suits you depends on the condition of the enamel and on the aesthetic goal; we settle that at the consultation, before any tooth preparation.

Usually 0.3–0.7 mm of enamel is removed from the visible surface, but the amount is decided tooth by tooth. In selected cases, with intact enamel and enough space, veneers can be done with minimal preparation or none at all; if the tooth already has large fillings or wear, more reduction is needed. It is important to know that preparation is irreversible: a prepared tooth will need a restoration in the future as well. That is why the exact amount is established on the basis of the 3D scan and the digital treatment plan, and the plan is discussed and agreed with you before any irreversible step.

There is no fixed number — what matters is how many teeth show when you smile, usually between 6 and 12 front teeth. Treatment is planned symmetrically: if one central incisor is restored, we include the one on the opposite side, otherwise the difference in shape or shade becomes visible. Sometimes two teeth are enough; sometimes it is more balanced to treat the whole visible zone. The number is decided at the clinical assessment, together with you, before any decision is made.

Yes. A veneer covers the visible surface of the tooth, so the final shade comes from the ceramic, not from the tooth underneath. That makes them a useful option for intrinsic discolouration — fluorosis, staining after tetracycline treatment — which whitening corrects only partly or not at all. When the underlying tooth is very dark, thicker or more opaque ceramic is needed to mask it, and that influences the treatment plan. The shade is chosen before fabrication, using standardised shade guides, taking into account the rest of your teeth and your complexion.

Clinical studies show that most ceramic veneers are still in function at 10 years, and some for considerably longer; the real lifespan depends on hygiene, on the bite and on habits, so it cannot be promised for an individual case. Care is the same as for natural teeth: gentle brushing with a non-abrasive toothpaste, daily interdental cleaning — including at the gum margin of the veneer — and regular check-ups. Avoid horizontal forces: biting your nails, opening packaging with your teeth, chewing hard objects. Untreated bruxism is one of the common causes of chipping or debonding; if you grind your teeth, we will discuss a night guard.

Whitening first, then the veneers or crowns. Ceramic does not change colour with later whitening treatments, so its shade is chosen once the colour of the natural teeth has stabilised — usually 2–4 weeks after whitening. If it is done the other way round, teeth whitened afterwards will no longer match the restoration, and the only correction left is to remake it.

They are risk factors, not an automatic exclusion. A deep bite (a large vertical overlap of the incisors) and bruxism (tooth grinding) transmit shear forces to the edge of the ceramic and increase the risk of chipping or debonding. Such a case needs careful occlusal analysis, sometimes adjustment of the anterior guidance and, almost always, a night guard worn after the work is finished. At the assessment we decide whether the biomechanics allow veneers, or whether a restoration that covers more of the tooth, such as a crown, is the safer choice.

Today's zirconia, with increased translucency, looks considerably more natural than the first, opaque generations. In the front of the mouth, an appearance closer to a natural tooth is achieved with layered solutions — a zirconia core over which the technician applies feldspathic ceramic — because these reproduce translucency and the play of light more faithfully. In the back, where resistance to chewing forces matters, monolithic zirconia is usually preferred, as it has no cosmetic layer that can chip off. The material is chosen area by area, according to the bite and to the aesthetic expectations.

Veneers are thin shells of ceramic or composite applied to the visible surface of the tooth to change its shape, colour and size. They are indicated for discolouration that does not respond to whitening, chipped edges, superficial enamel cracks or small gaps between teeth. Veneers do not move teeth: if the position of the teeth needs to change, a different treatment approach is required, and we can refer you to a colleague with that competence. They are also not suitable for teeth with heavily reduced structure, where a crown is indicated, nor before bite problems or gum disease have been addressed.

It depends on the material, on hygiene, on the bite and on the condition of the tooth underneath. Clinical data show that most all-ceramic crowns (zirconia, lithium disilicate) and metal-ceramic crowns are still in function at 10 years; in some patients they last considerably longer, in others less, which is why no specific lifespan can be promised. On metal-ceramic crowns, the metal margin may become visible if the gum recedes. Most often a crown is lost not because the material fails, but because of decay at its margin or fracture of the supporting tooth — which is why cleaning the gum margin and attending check-ups matter at least as much as the material chosen.

Professional whitening has a good safety profile when it is carried out or supervised by a dentist after a prior assessment. The usual side effects are tooth sensitivity and gum irritation, normally temporary. It is not suitable for everyone: in the European Union, peroxide whitening products may only be used on people over 18, and whitening is postponed or avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and in cases of untreated decay, active gum disease, eroded enamel or uncontrolled sensitivity. Veneers, crowns and fillings do not whiten, so if you have restorations in the visible zone we first discuss what the result will look like.

A complete denture is a removable appliance that replaces all the teeth on one arch and rests on the gum and the bone underneath. Adaptation usually takes a few weeks: at first there is discomfort, increased salivation, changes in speech and difficulty chewing, and adjustment appointments are needed in the first months. Bone slowly resorbs over time, so a denture periodically needs relining or remaking — it is not a solution that stays unchanged. Adhesives help with stability but do not replace a well-fitting denture. Where the clinical situation allows, a denture supported by 2–4 implants offers better retention; we assess together whether that is an option for you.

The difference is how much of the tooth they cover: an inlay restores only the cavity inside the tooth, an onlay also covers one or more cusps, and a crown covers the tooth completely. The choice depends on how much healthy tissue remains and on the risk of fracture: inlays and onlays preserve more of your own tooth, but need walls thick enough to withstand chewing. When a tooth is root-treated or heavily undermined, a crown protects it better against fracture. The decision is made after clinical and radiographic examination, sometimes only once the old filling has been removed and the real amount of sound tooth can be seen.

No, neither of them involves pain. A conventional impression, with silicone or alginate, can be unpleasant and may trigger a gag reflex in sensitive patients, especially on the upper arch. Intraoral scanning removes impression material entirely: a small scanner passes along the arch and builds the virtual model in a few minutes, with breaks whenever you need them. If you know you have a strong gag reflex, tell us in advance — we can choose the method and the position that are more comfortable for you.

Almost anything, with a few precautions. Avoid very hard foods — bones, stones in fruit, nuts in their shells, hard sweets, ice — and cut hard foods such as carrots or apples into pieces instead of biting into them with your front teeth. Very sticky foods can pull off temporary restorations. Veneers and thin ceramic edges are more sensitive to impact than a crown that covers the whole tooth. If after cementation the restoration feels 'too high' when you bite, come back for an adjustment: an unbalanced bite is one of the common causes of ceramic chipping.

We act as early as possible, because the crown can often be removed, the tooth treated and the restoration remade. Decay usually starts at the margin of the crown, at the gum line, where plaque stays if the area is not cleaned daily. In the beginning it can be completely painless and is only visible on a radiograph or at a check-up — which is why regular check-ups, with radiographs when they are clinically justified, matter. If the damage extends well below the gum or the tooth can no longer be restored, we discuss extraction and the replacement options, including an implant.

An implant is an artificial root, shaped like a screw, placed surgically in the upper or lower jawbone; a crown, a bridge or a denture is later attached to it. Medical-grade titanium or titanium alloys are used — biocompatible materials documented by decades of clinical studies — and, more recently, zirconia, a ceramic option sometimes chosen for aesthetic reasons but with less long-term data. An implant replaces the root, not the surrounding tissues: the outcome depends just as much on bone volume, gums and hygiene as it does on the material.

That can only be answered after a clinical examination and a CBCT scan, but the basic conditions are: sufficient bone in height and width at the site, healthy gums, good oral hygiene and no uncontrolled general health conditions. Particular caution is needed with uncontrolled diabetes, antiresorptive therapy (bisphosphonates, denosumab), especially intravenous, radiotherapy to the head and neck, and untreated gum disease — the latter must be stabilised first, otherwise the risk of peri-implantitis rises. Smoking does not rule out an implant, but it lowers the success rate and increases the risk of complications. Implants are placed after bone growth is complete, as a rule after the age of 18.

During the procedure you should not feel pain: local anaesthesia blocks sensation, although pressure and vibration remain perceptible. Discomfort comes after the anaesthesia wears off — swelling, sometimes bruising and moderate pain for a few days, usually controlled with the medication recommended. Like any surgical procedure it also carries risks: bleeding, infection, delayed healing and, depending on the site, temporary changes in sensation; we discuss these specifically for your case before consent is signed. If you are anxious, tell us — we can work more slowly, with breaks, and in certain situations conscious sedation is possible, carried out together with an anaesthetist.

Usually 3–6 months. The stages are: placing the implant, the osseointegration period during which the implant anchors in the bone (roughly 2–4 months, longer in the upper jaw or after augmentation), fitting the abutment and taking an impression or scan, then making the crown, which is fixed with a screw or with cement. In selected cases with good primary stability, a temporary restoration can be fitted earlier, but this does not shorten bone healing. If bone grafting or a sinus lift is needed, the overall duration increases. You receive a plan with the stages and the estimated timings for your situation.

An implant is designed as a long-lasting solution, and studies report that in selected cases with proper maintenance around 9 out of 10 implants are still in function at 10 years. This is not a figure that can be promised individually: the outcome depends on daily hygiene, on regular professional cleaning appointments, on smoking, on untreated bruxism and on general health. The main cause of late loss is peri-implantitis, an inflammation that destroys the bone around the implant and that rarely hurts in its early stages — which is why it is monitored at check-ups, by probing and radiographs. The crown on top has its own lifespan and can be remade without replacing the implant.

Bone grafting (augmentation) means adding bone — your own, from a bone bank, of animal origin or synthetic — to rebuild insufficient bone volume where the implant is to be placed. It is needed when bone has resorbed after old extractions, gum disease or trauma; in the back of the upper jaw a sinus lift is frequently used. Sometimes the graft is done in the same appointment as the implant, sometimes separately, with 3–6 months of consolidation first. Not every case needs grafting, and the need is established by the CBCT scan, not by clinical examination alone.

It is a protocol in which a whole arch is supported by 4 or 6 strategically positioned implants, sometimes tilted, in order to use the available bone and avoid grafting. Where primary stability allows, a fixed temporary bridge can be fitted the same day or within a few days; the definitive work is made after healing, as a rule at 3–6 months. It is intended for patients with no teeth, or with teeth that can no longer be saved, and requires planning on a CBCT scan. It is a construction that needs regular professional cleaning, and if one implant is lost the whole restoration has to be rethought — which is why the initial assessment and the maintenance are essential.

As thoroughly as for natural teeth, with particular attention to the area between the restoration and the gum. Brush twice a day with a soft or electric brush, and clean around the implant daily with floss designed for implants, correctly sized interdental brushes or a water flosser. Mouthwash is used only if your dentist recommends it, and it does not replace mechanical cleaning. Professional cleaning appointments are usually scheduled every 3–6 months depending on risk, and bone levels are checked radiographically at reviews. Tell us if you notice bleeding, a swollen gum or a persistent unpleasant taste around the implant: these are early signs of inflammation, and treated early they are far simpler to resolve.

For an adult with good oral health, a check-up every 6 months together with professional cleaning is a reasonable benchmark. The interval is individualised according to risk, though: with gingivitis or periodontitis, frequent decay, a dry mouth, smoking, implants or extensive restorations, check-ups are more frequent, sometimes every 3–4 months; at low risk the interval can be longer. A check-up is not only about looking for decay — it also covers the gums, the existing restorations and an examination of the soft tissues. Your dentist sets the interval that suits you and reviews it over time.

Scaling is the removal of tartar, that is, mineralised plaque that brushing can no longer clean away. Tartar keeps the gum inflamed and promotes periodontitis, the disease in which the bone supporting the tooth is lost. The procedure is done with ultrasonic and hand instruments; carried out correctly it does not remove enamel, but it can leave temporary sensitivity to cold, especially where the gum has already receded. After scaling, teeth may look 'longer' or the gaps between them wider — this is not an effect of the procedure but the inflamed gum settling down. In patients with periodontitis, cleaning above the gum is not enough: treatment below the gum line and regular maintenance appointments are needed.

Brush for at least 2 minutes, twice a day, with fluoride toothpaste, covering every surface. The modified Bass technique is the one commonly recommended: a soft-bristled brush placed at 45° to the gum line, short vibratory strokes on the spot, followed by a sweeping movement from the gum towards the biting edge. Pressure should be light — pressing hard and using hard bristles wears the enamel and encourages gum recession. Electric brushes, oscillating or sonic, generally remove plaque better and many have a pressure sensor. In the evening, after brushing, it is better to spit without rinsing with water, so the fluoride stays on the teeth.

Cleaning between the teeth is necessary every day, and floss is one method, not the only one. A brush does not reach the surfaces between teeth, exactly where interdental decay and gum inflammation frequently start. Where the spaces are wide enough, interdental brushes usually clean better than floss; floss remains useful where the contact between teeth is tight, and a water flosser helps around implants, bridges and fixed restorations. What matters is doing the interdental cleaning daily with the tool that suits your anatomy — we can show you and size it at a check-up.

Yes, it is safe when used in the amount appropriate for the age, and caries prevention with fluoride toothpaste is one of the measures with well-documented effectiveness. Current guidance recommends fluoride toothpaste from the eruption of the first tooth: a smear the size of a grain of rice up to age 3, a pea-sized amount between 3 and 6, with a young child's brushing done by an adult who makes sure the paste is not swallowed. For adults, the usual concentration is 1350–1500 ppm fluoride; 5000 ppm pastes are used only on a dentist's instruction, for patients at high risk of decay. The right concentration for your child is decided by the dentist, based on age and caries risk.

How often you eat sugar matters more than how much you eat at once. Every sugary snack or drink — including juices, fizzy drinks and sweetened coffee — produces several tens of minutes of acidity; repeated many times a day, these acid attacks leave the enamel no time to remineralise. The risk also rises with sticky foods that stay on the teeth, with a bottle of sweetened milk or juice given at bedtime, and with acidic drinks (citrus, energy drinks) that erode enamel. A dry mouth — caused by some medications, mouth breathing or certain conditions — reduces the protection saliva provides and significantly increases risk. Smoking primarily affects the gums and bone, but also sustains a higher risk of complications.

A sealant means covering the grooves and pits on the chewing surface of the molars with a fluid material, so plaque can no longer sit in hollows too narrow for the bristles of a brush. It is a preventive, short procedure that involves no drilling and, as a rule, no anaesthetic. It is recommended shortly after the permanent molars erupt — the 6-year and the 12-year molars — and it can also be indicated in adults, on decay-free molars with deep grooves. A sealant can wear or come off over time, so it is checked at routine appointments and replaced when needed. Sealants do not replace brushing and fluoride toothpaste: they protect only the surface they cover.

No — a healthy gum does not bleed when brushed. Bleeding is a sign of inflammation, most often gingivitis caused by plaque; at this stage it is reversible with correct brushing, interdental cleaning and scaling. If bleeding persists after 2–3 weeks of proper hygiene, you need a check-up: it may be periodontitis, the disease in which the supporting bone is lost. Periodontitis can be halted and kept under control with treatment and regular maintenance appointments, but bone that has already been lost does not grow back on its own — which is why early detection matters. Bleeding can also be linked to certain medications (anticoagulants), to pregnancy or to general health conditions, one more reason not to ignore it.

Through the appointment form on the website, by email, or with a message on Messenger or Instagram. It helps if you say why you are coming (first consultation, pain, routine check-up, continuing a treatment), which time slots suit you and, if you have them, any relevant previous investigations or treatments. We will contact you to confirm the day and time. If you are in pain or have swelling, say so from the start — we try to see you as soon as possible.

Your ID, any recent radiographs or dental records you have, and a list of the medication you take. We also need information about known general health conditions — diabetes, cardiovascular disease, clotting disorders, treatment for osteoporosis — and about allergies, particularly to anaesthetics, antibiotics or latex. Bring your health card if you wish to use publicly covered services. This information is not a formality: it concretely changes how anaesthesia, an extraction or a surgical procedure is planned.

Please ask at reception, because the situation of contracts with the health insurance fund can change over time. The basic CNAS package covers a limited number of dental services, under certain conditions and limits; prosthetic, aesthetic and implant treatments are generally not included. Our reception colleagues can tell you what is covered at the time, which documents are required and how insured status is proven.

For complex treatments such as prosthetic or implant rehabilitation, the method of payment can be discussed individually, and the practice may work with financial partners. The conditions differ from case to case and can change over time, so please ask at reception or at your consultation which options are available then. Before treatment begins you receive the plan in writing, with the stages and the associated costs, so you know what to expect.

As a rule 30–60 minutes, depending on how complex the situation is. It covers a discussion of your medical and dental history, a complete clinical examination — teeth, gums, bite, soft tissues — radiographs only where they are clinically justified, and the presentation of the treatment directions. For extensive cases, the detailed plan is finalised after the radiographs, the photographs and, where relevant, the models or scan have been analysed. If you feel anxious about dental treatment, tell us when booking: we allow more time and work at your pace.

Contact the practice through the channels shown on the site — a message on Messenger or Instagram, or email — and if we are closed, contact an emergency dental service. Call 112 straight away if there is rapidly spreading swelling, difficulty breathing or swallowing, a high fever or bleeding that will not stop — these situations cannot wait. If a permanent tooth has been knocked out completely, time matters: hold it by the crown, not the root, rinse it briefly with saline or milk, keep it in milk rather than water, and come in as quickly as possible, ideally within the first hour. Until you reach us, an ordinary painkiller can help; do not place aspirin on the gum, as it burns the mucosa.

The first visit is recommended at around 1 year of age, or within 6 months of the first tooth appearing. At that age the visit is short and mainly preventive: the teeth are checked, brushing, diet and fluoride are discussed, and the child gets used to the practice before there is a problem. Tell us when booking that it is a young child so that we can allow the right amount of time. Avoid 'preparing' them with stories about pain or injections — children easily pick up an adult's fear.

No, a referral is not needed for a dental consultation in private practice. If you want services covered by CNAS, ask at reception first which documents are required, as the requirements differ from one service to another. You can also go directly to a dentist who holds an additional recognised qualification in the area you need — a dental specialty, such as dento-alveolar surgery, or a complementary competence certificate, such as implantology; you can ask what qualification a dentist holds. Often, though, it is simpler to start with a general consultation, which establishes what needs doing and in what order.

By email or with a message on Messenger or Instagram, at least 24–48 hours in advance. A slot released in good time can be offered to another patient who is waiting, especially someone in pain; last-minute cancellations leave the appointment unused. If you are running late, let us know — depending on the day's schedule we can shorten the appointment or rebook it. Please also let us know if you have a cold or a fever: some treatments are better postponed.